Sources
Every factual claim on this site, with where it comes from. If something here is wrong, we want to know.
The measure itself
- HCR 2003 as filed (PDF) – Arizona Legislature, 57th Legislature, 2nd Regular Session. This is the operative text and the source for every quotation on this site.
- A.R.S. § 15-120.02 – the statute being amended, as it exists today.
- Bill status and roll-call votes – search “HCR 2003” in the 57th Legislature, 2nd Regular Session for committee action and vote records.
- Arizona Secretary of State, Ballot Measures – official proposition numbering, ballot language, and the publicity pamphlet with the official pro and con arguments.
- Analysis by Legislative Council, HCR 2003 (PDF) – the impartial analysis required by A.R.S. § 19-124(C), prepared for the Secretary of State’s publicity pamphlet. This is the staff draft posted ahead of the Legislative Council’s July 8, 2026 meeting; check the pamphlet for the adopted version. One page. It contains no estimate of how many students the measure affects.
The 2022 school sports ban
- S.B. 1165 as enacted (PDF) – Arizona Legislature, 55th Legislature, 2nd Regular Session, Chapter 106 (2022). The law that already bars transgender girls from girls’ school teams, and the basis for every statement on this site that a no vote leaves current law unchanged.
- Arizona Senate Bill 1165 – Wikipedia. Background and litigation history, for readers who want the overview. The chaptered text above is the citation of record.
Claims and where they come from
| Claim on this site | Source |
|---|---|
| Sex is defined by original birth certificate | HCR 2003, § 15-120.02(J)(4) |
| Lawsuit available for “direct or indirect harm” | § 15-120.02(F) |
| Only an “athlete” may bring the suit; “athlete” means any individual who participates | § 15-120.02(F) and (J)(1) |
| Damages include psychological and emotional harm; attorney fees; two-year window | § 15-120.02(I) |
| Schools that exclude cannot be investigated | § 15-120.02(E) |
| Restrooms and locker rooms provision applies to “any individual” | § 15-120.02(D) |
| Covers private schools and higher education | § 15-120.02(J)(3) |
| Covers athletic associations including non-school leagues | § 15-120.02(J)(2) |
| Effective January 1, 2027 | § 15-120.02(A) and (D) |
| Severability; short title | HCR 2003, Secs. 2 and 3 |
| Passed House Feb 23, 2026; Senate June 12, 2026 | HCR 2003, endorsement block |
| Arizona banned transgender girls from girls’ school sports in 2022 | S.B. 1165, 55th Leg., 2nd Reg. Sess., Ch. 106 |
| No estimate of how many students are affected appears in the official record | HCR 2003, full text; Analysis by Legislative Council, HCR 2003 |
| The measure expands who may sue and be sued | Analysis by Legislative Council, HCR 2003, item 2 |
Reporting
- A guide to all the ballot measures Arizona voters will decide in 2026 – Phoenix New Times, July 1, 2026. Ballot context, litigation over the referrals, and the June 30, 2026 U.S. Supreme Court ruling on state sports bans.
- Challenge to Arizona’s transgender school sports ban collapses as teen plaintiff withdraws – Arizona Mirror, July 8, 2026. Status of the 2022 ban.
- Measure banning transgender students from using preferred bathrooms stays on Arizona ballot – KJZZ, July 16, 2026. A Maricopa County judge declined to strike an anti-trans referral from the ballot over single-subject objections.
- Arizona judge orders state to issue amended birth certificates for transgender individuals – Arizona Capitol Times, October 2, 2025. Basis for the point about “original” versus amended certificates.
Intersex students
- How trans sports bans threaten intersex athletes like me – Sam Sharpe for interACT, June 2023. Source of the quotation in Questions and of the point that these definitions leave intersex athletes without an answer about where they may compete.
- interACT: Advocates for Intersex Youth – the organization’s position on athletics measures generally.
The Utah investigation
- Utah investigates winning student-athlete’s gender after parents of second- and third-place finishers submit complaints – CBS News, August 2022.
- After a girl beat their daughters in sports, Utah parents triggered investigation into whether she was transgender – Deseret News, August 17, 2022.
- Utah parents complained a high school athlete might be transgender after she beat their daughters – Salt Lake Tribune, August 18, 2022.
Consequences in Idaho
- Idaho pushed anti-trans laws for years. Then a teen died – NBC News, July 18, 2026
Voting
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Corrections
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